(The interactive map can be found at http://www. leydesdorff.net/patentmaps/nano_a. htm.) The mapping of overlays using Google Maps requires downloading of the following computer programs: 1. uspto1. exe for the preliminary download at the user interface of USPTO (sophisticated browsing at http://patft. uspto.gov/ netahtml/PTO/search-adv. htm); 2. uspto2. exe for the organization of the databases from the retrieval under 1; 3.
exe for downloading the varieties of citations for each patent downloaded under 1; uspto2. exe generates an input file for this routine; 4. patref5. exe for the generation of the overlays for Google Maps. (5. usappl. exe resembles uspto2. exe, but arranges downloads from the database of patent applications at http://appft1.
html. Patent applications, however, do not contain forward citations.) All programs have to be conserved in the exact same folder; they are all required although one does not require to begin them as a user (but one can). The Most Complete Run-Down from previous runs might be overwritten; it is recommended to clear the folder prior to downloading and running these regimens in order to avoid confusion with previous runs, and so on
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